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Pangkala (SA)
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| | Location | East side of Lake Torrens south of Edeowie and west of Hookina and Port Augusta; west of Lake Torrens to Island Lagoon and Yardea; at Woorakimba, Hesso, Yudnapinna, Gawler Ranges; south to Kimba, Darke Peak, Cleve, and Franklin Harbour. Two divisions within the tribe were recognized, one the Wartabanggala, living north of Port Augusta and extending to Ogden Hill and almost to Quorn and Beltana; the other the Malkaripangala (note differing pronunciations in the tribal part of name). The latter ranged down the western side of Spencer Gulf. Both divisions practiced circumcision and subincision as male rites of initiation. Prehistoric and protohistoric pressure from the Kokata was modifying their northern boundary, causing a shift of their southern limits also between Port Augusta and the Gawler Ranges down toward Franklin Harbour. In their last years they ventured as far south as Tumby Bay to obtain whipstick mallee wood for spears (Hossfeld). After white settlement they lived around Port Lincoln where both Schürmann and Wilhelmi studied them. |
| Co-ordinates | 136°55'E x 32°30'S |
| Area | 17,500 sq. m. (45,500 sq. km) |
| References | Schürmann, 1844, 1846, 1879; Angas, 1847; Wil-helmi, 1860; Bryant in Taplin, 1879; Mueller, 1882; Andrews, 1883; Green in Curr, 1886; Sawers in Curr, 1886; East, 1889; Mathews, 1900 (Gr. 6524, 6448, 6491), 1904 (Gr. 6451), 1905 (Gr. 6454); Howitt, 1904; Eylmann, 1908; Strehlow, 1910; Stirling, 1914; Black, 1917; Basedow, 1925; Hale and Tindale, 1925; Hossfeld, 1927 MS; Elkin, 1931; Davidson, 1938; Cleland and Johnston, 1939; Tindale, 1940 and MS; Wurm, 1963; O'Grady et al., 1969. |
| Alternative Names | Banggala (valid alternative pronunciation), Bahn-gala, Pankalla, Parkalla (typographical error), Parnkalla, Parn-kal-la, Parnkala, Punkalla, Bangala, Bungela, Pan-karla, Punkirla, Bungeha (probably misreading of Bungela), Kortabina (place name), Willeuroo (basic meaning 'west,' or 'westerner'), Arkaba-tura (men of Arkaba, a place in the northeast corner of tribal territory where they met Jadliaura people), Wanbirujurari ('men of the seacoast'; said of the southern hordes by those in the north), Willara, Kooapudna (horde around Franklin Harbour), Kooapidna. |
This information is reproduced from NB Tindale's Aboriginal Tribes of Australia (1974). Please be aware that much of the data relating to Aboriginal language group distribution and definition has undergone revision since 1974. Please note also that this catalogue represents Tindale's attempt to depict Aboriginal tribal distribution at the time of European contact. |
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Series AA105/01 - Journals and notebooks relating to expeditions
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Identifier AA 105/1/8
Date c. 1934
Quantity 21.5 cm, 1 20.3x12.5cm journal.
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Series AA26/01 - 'Manuscript notes on Blackfellow tribes and languages of Eyre's Peninsula'
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Identifier AA 26/1/1-2
Date 1920 - 1952
Quantity 1 cm, 2 original manuscript and carbon copy
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Series AA338/01 - Bound volumes of expedition and office journals, notes and compilations
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Identifier AA 338/1/3
Date 1924 - 1927, 1 November 1924 - 19 December 1924; 10 July 1927
Quantity 6 cm, 1 foolscap Albox folder, 87 sheets; 1 notebook (10x16 cm) and photographs
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Identifier AA 338/1/5
Date 10 June 1926 - 28 August 1928, 5 February 1932, 1 May 1987
Quantity 1.8 cm, 1 buckram bound volume, 21.8x28.0 cm, 134 pages, 1 insert, 16 loose items
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Identifier AA 338/1/15/2
Date 10 September 1938 - c. 1980, 10 September 1938 - 26 June 1939, 1940s, 1966, 1950s?, 1980s
Quantity 4.5 cm, 1 22.0x26.5cm, 542 pages, 8 inserts
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Identifier AA 338/1/19/2
Date 15 July 1953 - 30 October 1953, 1953-55, 1 Oct 1958, 1961, 1964-65, 1979, 1981-82
Quantity 5 cm, 1 buckram bound volume, 22.1x26.8 cm,
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Identifier AA 338/1/20
Date 12 July 1955 - 3 August 1955, 20 August 1934, 10 May - 8 December 1955, March 1957, April 1958, 1962
Quantity 2 cm, 1 hardcover exercise book, 20.4x25.8 cm, 188 pages with 1 loose items and 6 attachments
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Identifier AA 338/1/22/1
Date 23 April 1957 - 1 June 1957, 1902, c1907, 1928-1930s with gaps, 1940, 1950-1969 with gaps, 2721977
Quantity 4.8 cm, 1 buckram bound volume, 21.5x26.9 cm, 470 pages with 7 inserts and 2 loose items
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Identifier AA 338/1/29
Date 24 August 1895 - 7 February 1934, 24 August 1895, 20 January 1916, c1920, July 1925, 1926-1928, 1931, 4 May 1932, 7 February 1934
Quantity 1.5 cm, 1 red hardcover exercise book, 21.7x28.1 cm
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Identifier AA 338/1/30
Date 1 July 1896 - 31 October 1983, 1 July 1896, October 1927, 1928, September 1935, 1945, 1977, 19 April 1980, 31 October 1983
Quantity 2.2 cm, 1 red hard cover exercise book, 21.7x28.1 cm, 62 single sided pages and a pocket with 68 loose items
Series AA338/04 - Copies of journals
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Identifier AA 338/4/45/1-65
Date 24 August 1895 - 7 February 1934, 24 August 1895, 20 January 1916, c1920, July 1925, 1926-1928, 1931, 4 May 1932, 7 February 1934
Quantity 1.9 cm, 1 green hardcover exercise book, 21.7x28.1 cm
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Identifier AA 338/4/46
Date 1928 - September 1977, 1928, September 1935, September 1977
Quantity 1.2 cm, 1 green hard-cover book, 21.7x27.9cm, 48 single sided pages
Series AA338/05 - Photographs relating to journals
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Identifier AA 338/5/15
Date 1938 - 1939, May 1938 - June 1939
Quantity 13 cm, 3 Albox folders; 1 oversized and mounted on cardboard photograph
Series AA338/07 - Index cards relating to language research
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Identifier AA 338/7/1/25
Date 1930 - c. 1991
Quantity 16.5 cm, 1 shoebox, approx. 11.3 cm of cards
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Identifier AA 338/7/1/44
Date c. 1931 - c. 1991
Quantity 16.5 cm, 1 shoebox, approx. 7.7 cm of cards
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Identifier AA 338/7/1/45
Date c. 1928 - c. 1991
Quantity 16.5 cm, 1 cardboard box, approx. 7.1 cm of cards
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Identifier AA 338/7/2/3
Date 1931 - c. 1966, recorded mostly in the 1930s
Quantity 15.4 cm, 1 metal filing drawer, approx. 27.5 cm of cards
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Identifier AA 338/7/2/4
Date 1931 - c. 1966, recorded mostly in the 1930s
Quantity 15.4 cm, 1 metal filing drawer, approx. 35 cm of cards
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Identifier AA 338/7/2/5
Date 1931 - c. 1966, recorded mostly in the 1930s
Quantity 15.4 cm, 1 metal filing drawer, approx. 25.5 cm of cards
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Identifier AA 338/7/2/6
Date 1931 - c. 1966
Quantity 15.4 cm, 1 metal filing drawer, approx. 35 cm of cards
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Identifier AA 338/7/2/8
Date c. 1934
Quantity 15.4 cm, 1 filing drawer, approx. 34 cm of cards
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Identifier AA 338/7/2/9
Date c. 1934
Quantity 15.4 cm, 1 filing drawer, approx. 26.5 cm of cards
Series AA338/15 - Maps - Expeditions, field work and personal research (not including South East of South Australia)
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Identifier AA 338/15/2
Date 1920 - 1930, dates in annotations; map printed 1912
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 map, 71.0x102.0 cm
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Identifier AA 338/15/3
Date 1920 - 1930, dates on original map. date of copying unknown
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 map, 52.0x69.0 cm
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Identifier AA 338/15/4
Date c. 1929 - c. 1930, approximate date range of data
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 map, 68.0x101.0 cm
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Identifier AA 338/15/56
Date c. 1938 - c. 1939, date range of related journal; date of printing unknown
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 map, 51.0x76.0 cm
Series AA338/18 - Maps - 'World Aeronautical Chart series'
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Identifier AA 338/18/35
Date 1928 - c. 1974, from date in annotation through approximate period map was used Map printed 1963
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 map, 51.5x76.5 cm
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Identifier AA 338/18/36
Date 1965 - c. 1974, from date of printing through approximate period map was used
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 map, 51.5x76.5 cm
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Identifier AA 338/18/41
Date 1964 - c. 1974, from date of printing through approximate period map was used
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 map, 51.5x76.5 cm
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Identifier AA 338/18/42
Date 1969 - c. 1974, from date of printing through approximate period map was used
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 map, 51.5x76.5 cm
Series AA338/22 - Maps - Continental distribution of material culture traits, etc.
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Identifier AA 338/22/35
Date c. 1940 - ?, date of annotation unknown
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 map, 34.0x44.5 cm
Series AA338/23 - Maps - Sketch maps showing Aboriginal 'tribes'
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Identifier AA 338/23/5
Date c. 1940 - c. 1974, approximate date range - map undated
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 map, 38.5x45.0 cm
Series AA338/26 - 'Manuscript Documents on Tribes'
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Identifier AA 338/26/45/1-3
Date May 1969
Quantity 0.01 cm, 3 pages
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Series AA346/04 - Sociological, Anthropological, Vital Statistics and ACER data recorded onto cards by Board for Anthropological Research expedition members, 1923-1963.
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Identifier AA 346/4/19
Date May 1937
Quantity 2 cm, 7 card series; cards 20.5 x 12.7 cm
Series AA346/09 - Films recorded during the Board for Anthropological expeditions, 1926-1966.
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Identifier AA 346/9/12
Date 22 May 1937 - 3 June 1937, dates of expedition
Quantity 3 cm, 2 film items. Formats: DVDs
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Series AA64/08 - Drafts, notes and research papers relating to unpublished papers in the fields of Australian archaeology and anthropology
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Identifier AA 64/8/1-13
Date c. 1949 - c. 1982, some items are undated
Quantity 4 cm,
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